Risk Factors for Developing EKA SGLT-2 or GLP-1 usage (SGLT-2s are more strongly associated than GLP-1s) Higher medication doses Any action or condition that increases ketone production, including: Fasting (e.g., intermittent fasting, preoperative/preprocedural fasting) Ketogenic diet Gastrointestinal illness (poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) Eating disorders (anorexia/bulimia) Alcohol intoxication Liver cirrhosis Pancreatitis Gastroparesis Insulin pump malfunction Low muscle mass Recent infection or surgery Type 2 diabetes with longstanding poor glucose control Prevention Strategies Emphasize the importance of hydration with water and electrolyte solutions Minimize alcohol intake Ensure meals and snacks contain 3035% carbohydrate content Avoid ketogenic or prolonged fasting diets Clinicians should consider temporarily discontinuing SGLT-2 and GLP-1 therapy before surgery or during acute illness Patients should not decrease basal insulin dose by more than 20% without consulting their provider Patients should avoid taking these medications within 3 days prior to fasting longer than overnight Symptoms of EKA Fruity-smelling breath Excessive thirst Polyuria or nocturia Nausea and vomiting Abdominal pain Confusion or altered mental status Fever Shortness of breath Patient Education and Action Patients taking SGLT-2 or GLP-1 medications should be instructed that if they experience nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea: Sip calorically dense electrolyte solutions (approximately 200 mL every 30 minutes), or Suck on hard candy, or Consume one tablespoon of sugar every 1520 minutes If symptoms persist, patients should withhold further doses of the medication and contact their primary care provider or seek emergency care
Estimated Nutrition Calories: 580 Protein: 34g Carbs: 38g Fat: 26g Coachs Notes: How to Make This Work for You Start with 23 dinners per week , not all at once Focus on protein first , then adjust carbs and fats Increase portions if hunger returns too quickly Add vegetables freely volume helps without overdoing calories Pair meals with hydration, walking, and strength training Nothing needs to be perfect
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Frat Tutal, Genel Cerrahi ve Bariatrik Cerrahi Uzman
People Experiencing GLP-1 Side Effects For those who have tried GLP-1 medications and found the side effects intolerable, THCV provides an alternative worth exploring
