Cherta-Murillo A, Lett AM, Frampton J, Chambers ES, Finnigan TJA, Frost GS
Ingredients: Aqua (Deionized Water), Triticum Vulgare (Wheat Germ) Oil, Cetyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, Ceteareth-20, Propylene Glycol, Polyacrylamide, C13-14 Isoparaffin, Laureth-7, Isopropyl Myristate, Glycerin, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Lecithin, Dimethicone, Copper Tripeptide-1, Xanthan Gum, Tetrasodium EDTA, Phenoxyethanol, Ethylhexylglycerin
Creatinine is filtered by the kidneys, and elevated levels typically indicate reduced kidney function
Thus, LC3-II has been used as a marker of autophagy (39)
Protein carbonylation is a useful indicator of oxidative stress associated with chronic kidney disease (8, 143, 144)